Iron metabolism is the process by which the body regulates the absorption, transport, storage, and utilization of iron, which is essential for various biological functions such as oxygen transport, energy production, and DNA synthesis. Imbalance in iron metabolism can lead to either iron deficiency or iron overload, resulting in a range of health conditions such as anemia, hemochromatosis, and liver damage. Research in iron metabolism aims to understand the mechanisms underlying these conditions, develop strategies for diagnosing and treating iron-related disorders, and explore the potential therapeutic targets for improving iron metabolism.